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The History of Philosophy in the Qing Dynasty: A New Book Based on the “Talk Relationship”
Author: Li Wei (produced by the Wuhan Institute of Philosophy)
Source: “History of Chinese Philosophy” 2022 Issue 2
Abstract: In the past, the explanations about “Philosophy is the most sluggish” in the Qing Dynasty were from the understanding of Chinese philosophy themselves, but rather it was written by the philosophical history books based on the “conceptual relationship”. However, under the condition of accepting a certain philosophical view, there is not only a unique philosophical historical writing method; but writing based on the “wordsmanship” can make a difference reminder of the philosophical historical meanings thought in the Qing Dynasty. The earlier book “General History of Chinese Philosophy (Academic Edition)·Qing Dynasty Volume”, based on this book, is based on this book writing strategy, presenting a divergent philosophical historical landscape. Especially the decision on the Qing Dynasty Taoism and humanistic proof theory helped to change the traditional impression of Qing Dynasty philosophy.
Keywords: Qing Dynasty; Philosophy History; Song and Ming Dynasty Neo-Confucianism; Language;
As we all know, building a framework for describing Chinese philosophical history is an important method to describe Chinese traditional thinking into the modern academic context. But for the Qing Dynasty thinking, which is not too far away, the situation is not like this, because many researchers are more concerned about the “artistic history” and “thought history” of the Qing Dynasty rather than the “philosophical history”. This is related to people’s common impression of the lack of philosophical thinking in the Qing Dynasty. For example, in the first modern “History of Chinese Philosophy”, written by Xie Wuliang, there is a dismissal of “The Qing Dynasty, philosophy is the most sluggish.” [1] On the one hand, it regards the Song and Ming Philosophy as a model of Chinese philosophy, and on the other hand, it is a “reflection” of Qing Dynasty’s science; [2] Therefore, the Qing Dynasty could only be described in the history of traditional Chinese philosophy by the end of traditional Chinese philosophy or the abstraction of the decline period. But in fact, it is not impossible to conclude that the Qing Dynasty’s thinking and thinking as its “reflection” is to conclude that “philosophy is the most sluggish” in the Qing Dynasty; because how to understand philosophy history is more determined than to say that it is a strategic decision of philosophy history; that is, to determine a certain “philosophical view”, it does not only mean that it is a single paradigm “philosophical history” book. Therefore, as mentioned later, taking the theory of the Song and Ming dynasties as a model, the Qing Dynasty was regarded as the period when philosophy was the most sluggish” and was only based on the book based on the “conceptual refinement”; if another book writing strategy was adopted, I would call it “word refinement”, there would be differences and judgments. For example, the “General History of Chinese Philosophy (Academic Edition)·Qing Dynasty Volume” published by Wu Genyou earlier, in a certain sense, it presents the philosophy of divergence based on the writing strategy of the latter book.Shi Jing, especially the book’s description of the “post-natural era” in the early Qing Dynasty, the decision on Ye’s “Taoism” in the middle of the Qing Dynasty and the way of studying the “humanistic proof theory” in the comprehensive Qing Dynasty’s academic arts, Ye Qiuguan was very curious. If she deviated from the so-called plot, what would have happened to help change the traditional impression of the Qing Dynasty’s thinking but philosophy. 【3】This article uses the book’s related statements as an example to illustrate how a philosophical historical book with a “word recitation” can be used.
1. In the traditional philosophical history of philosophy and new philosophy, the judgment of the Qing Dynasty as the decline of philosophical science is based on the characterization of the “reaction” of the Song and Ming dynasties as the model of Chinese philosophy. But be aware that not all commentators positioned the Qing people’s “reaction” on the level of “philosophy”, just like what Liang Qichao said, “What is the ‘Qing Dynasty thought trend’? In short, it is a big reaction to the Song and Ming dynasties” that is to say “modern thought trend” rather than only “philosophy”. [4] The important thing about the “reverse” of philosophy is to strive to establish the Chinese Philosophical History subject. The classics are like Hu Ying. In his eyes, the “reverse” of the Qing Dynasty thinking about the principle refers to the “late-age philosophy” represented by the latter “disappeared” in the Qing Dynasty, which was because “students in the early Qing Dynasty wanted to replace the mysterious theory with study.” 【5】Integrity Here, the thinking of the Ming and Qing dynasties is translated into the use of academic study to replace theory, because it is precisely for the “History of Chinese Philosophy”, which means that the distinction between the two is no longer a distinction between traditional China’s academic issues, but a distinction between philosophy and non-philosophical in modern academic meaning. Moreover, this plot can not only be expressed in science and study, but also in Song and Han. For example, he advocated the view of “Philosophy of this era” from the Han scholars of the Qing Dynasty on “Song and Ming Taoism” that he understood the difference between Han and Song in the meaning of philosophy and non-philosophical science. That is, Han is not philosophical science, but the Taoism of Song and Ming Taoism mentioned by Han scholars is philosophy. 6 However, with differences with Hu’s adaptation, Rongyoulan did not believe that philosophy was “absorbing” in the Qing Dynasty, but believed that there was also a certain development. Therefore, the “reaction” of the Qing people to Song Dynasty was just a general idea. In this way, it actually doubled the model abstraction of Song and Ming dynasties, and its potential lyrics are Cen Ling of Chinese philosophy since the Song and Ming dynasties.
Why can the thinking of the Song and Ming dynasties be regarded as a model of Chinese philosophy? This is related to the understanding of philosophy as a systematic and systematic thinking by modern scholars. The classics are like Youlan. What he calls the “continued speech” of Chinese philosophy involves reminding traditional Chinese thinking, especially the system contained in science, so that it can be transformed from “real” to “emotional”, [7] and present it as a new science.”system”. [8] Just like Zhang Dainian, he believed that “Chinese philosophy has its own set of conceptual models”, which means “having a system of conceptual models.” [9] It should be said that the identification of systemicity and systemicity as “philosophical” is a broad trend among late-stage researchers. The “reaction” of science in the Qing Dynasty to science was combined by Hu Yang Na as “replacing the mysterious theory with science”, and the quality is an abstract system or system that collapses the science of science through examinations. Therefore, the expression of “With the Qing Dynasty, philosophy was the most sluggish” is to thank the countless testimonials who said “are complicated and fragmented”. 【10】The “broken” by Hou WaiwuyeFemale college student care club, and especially the Qianjia Examination Certificate in the Qing Dynasty, which emphasizes the “macro scale of the 17th Century” [11]—that is the theoretical thinking system inherited by early Qing scholars. Whether it is forbidden and fragmented, or “fragrant” as Hou Waihou, it is definitely not a criticism of literature, but a criticism of “philosophy”. Because “fragmentation” or “broken” is understandable for literary research and practice, it can be a systematic or systematic exterior for philosophy.
So, although researchers acknowledged the value of the Qing Dynasty examination, they did not think that this was a philosophical value. On the contrary, they regarded the excitement of the examination as a symbol of “philosophical decline”. 【12】But there are exceptions. For example, Hu YangshengBaobao.com VIP, of course, he believed that the “late-age philosophy” represented by science was “disappeared” in the Qing Dynasty, and he emphasized that there was also a “big career in building a ‘new philosophy’”. He used the Li School as a ideological resource and began to take shape under the promotion of Dai Zhen; and the place of his “new” lies in the installation of doubts about “old philosophy” or “weapons” of the Song and Ming dynasties, which is the examination. [13] After Hu Yang, he believed that the Qing Dynasty philosophy had a new process of old Gua Age, and the fath
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